Gamma-poly-glutamic Acid (Agricultural Grade)
Gamma-poly-glutamic-acid (γ-PGA) is a natural multifunctional biopolymer produced with Bacillus Subtilis by fermentation. It is a water soluble homo-polyamide consisting of D-and L-glutamic acid monomers which are connected by amide linkages between α-amino and γ-carboxyl groups.
Over the years, γ-PGA has displayed extensive application prospect in agriculture, medicine, environment protection, food, cosmetics etc. Currently it is arousing extensive concern from fertilizer manufacturers for its excellent water-retaining, toxicity-free, sustainable and controlled releasing properties. Properties of Gamma-poly-glutamic-acidExcellent Water Absorbing and Retaining Capacityγ-PGA is highly water soluble. Each PGA molecule contains over 1000 hydrophilic groups which can absorb 1108.4 times as much water as its own weight; It can help the soil not only retain sufficient moisture but release it gradually.
Enhancing Fertilizer Utilization There are large numbers of negatively charged carboxyls along the long chain of γ-PGA which can strongly absorb positively charged nutrients and store up the nutrients that plants cannot absorb for the moment. In this way, fertilizer decomposition and loss are inhibited so that at least 20% fertilizer would be saved in practical application and the release process can be prolonged to 4 times the release duration of fertilizers with no γ-PGA. γ-PGA is also able to gather the micro elements like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. In compound fertilizer containing γ-PGA, the utilization ratio of nitrogen can be uplifted by 50%-60%; phosphorus at least 5%; potassium 15%-20%; and 20% amount of the fertilizers otherwise used can be saved.
Improving Soil Propertiesγ-PGA can improve water retaining capability, water permeability, and breathability of the soil. It can also balance the pH value of soil, which prevents the formation of acid soil or soil lumps. γ-PGA is capable of improving soil properties, increasing yield of crops and keeping a sustainable development of soil.
Bio-degradable and Environmental Friendlyγ-PGA is a high-molecular polymer that comprises D-glutamic acid and L-glutamic acid linked by α-amino and γ- carboxyl. In natural environment, it can be degraded into glutamic acid monomer which is essential to human body. It is environmental friendly and toxicity-free.
Applications ofγ-PGA in AgriculturePromoting Root DevelopmentThe length of bean sprout, after being treated by γ-PGA increases by at least 50% and fresh weight at least 20%.
Promoting Leaf Flourishing Yield Increasing and Fertilizer Saving
| Crop name |
Dosage of γ-PGA (g/acre) |
Fertilizer-saving ratio |
Yield-promoting ratio |
| Oilseed Rape |
60 |
0 |
+9.0% |
| Crown Daisy |
300 |
0 |
+7.9% |
| Pakchoi |
60 |
-40% |
+9.6% |
| Tomato |
60 |
-50% |
+14.5% |
| 180 |
-50% |
+25.3% |
Data from Nanjing University of TechnologyWhile the amount of the other fertilizers is not changed, the addition of γ-PGA can increase the yield of oilseed rape by 9.0% and crown daisy by 7.9%. With a reduction by 40%-50% of the other fertilizers, the addition of γ-PGA can still increase the yield of pakchoi and tomato by 9.6%-25.3%.
A Comparison of γ-PGA with PASP and PAM
| Items |
PGA |
PASP |
PAM |
| Source |
Extracted from Natto or by Biological fermentation |
Chemical synthesis |
Chemical synthesis |
| Synthetic monomer |
Glutamic acid (essential for human body, edible) |
PASP (generating acrylamide by Maillard reaction) |
Acrylamide (neurotoxic, teratogenic, mutagenic and mutagenic) |
| PH value |
Neutral |
Alkaline |
Neutral |
| Moisture absorbability |
Strong |
Average |
Relatively strong |
| Capability for sustainable and controlled release |
Strong |
Weak |
Strong |
| Improvement on the quality of fruit and vegetable |
Improveing the appearance of juices, round shape, shining color, naturally waxing effect (Huazhong Agricultural University, 2010)
Promoting apple redness, increasing sugar content (Nanjing University of Technology, 2009) |
N/A |
N/A |
| Dosage |
30-300g/acre |
100-15000g/acre |
8000g/acre |
PGA not only works better effect on water retention, but also improves the quality of the crops.
PGA is produced through bio-fermentation, thus it is green and environment friendly.
Applications ofγ-PGA in Other Areas Desertification ControlTraditional water-retaining agent for arid areas is polyacrylamide. After being hydrolyzed, the chemical compound would generate large quantity of acrylamide monomers which are a type of very strong neurotoxin affecting male reproduction and leading to cancer. In comparison, γ-PGA, as a new type moisture-retaining agent for soil and plants, is toxicity-free and very convenient to use. Application of SAP (Super Absorbent Polymer) made from γ-PGA to soil can greatly improve water, moisture and fertilizer retention capabilities of soil. Therefore it can play a positive role in transforming barren mountains and deserts.
Seed CoatingAs deserts and arid areas are in short of water, it is hard for seed to sprout in those areas so to successfully afforest those areas is difficult. SAP, however, made from γ-PGA is a perfect seed coating material for desert and arid area afforestation.
Waste Water Treatmentγ-PGA is suitable for various kinds of water and wastewater treatment. It can efficiently remove the heavy metals like aluminum, copper and lead, and the toxic materials like arsenic, dioxin and materials containing phosphorus. Meanwhile,γ-PGA can be used in water purification of metal-processing sewage, food-brewing sewage, aquatic farming sewage, pulp sewage, pigment-dyed sewage, water flocculation, sewage treatment and fresh water aquiculture ponds. It can also be used on purification systems and water quality control and management systems of ponds, lakes and swamps. Specification of Freda γ-PGA (Agricultural Grade)PGA powder(PGA≥30%, PGA≥10%)
PGA fermentation broth(PGA≥3.5%) Methods of UseSuggestions for Production and Application of Compound Fertilizer Containing γ-PGA:
γ-PGA can be mixed with any other fertilizers with a dosage of 200-400ppm for root irrigation, foliage spray, root-fertilizing or top dressing along with base fertilizers.
Suggested Dosage:
Vegetables (hot pepper, cucumber, eggplant, tomato, ginger etc.) Suggested dosage: 30-300g/acre
Fruits (apple, pear, peach, banana, litchi, orange and tangerine) Suggested dosage: 30-300g/acre
Oil-bearing crops (peanut, soybean, cotton, corn, rice etc.) Suggested dosage: 30g/acre
Optimum Period for Application:
Each growth period of plants and crops (spray at nursery stage, irrigation at vigorous growth or fruition stages) is good time for application.
Notice:
- When applied with base fertilizers or complementary fertilizers, γ-PGA can achieve the optimum effect (Amount of chemical fertilizers to be applied can go down by 50%);γ-PGA can be used with non - alkaline pesticides and increase the efficiency of pesticides;As γ-PGA contains many bio-active substances, slight gas generation and tank swelling are normal phenomena;Please store in cool places away from high temperature and direct sunlight.
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